length laggei (f. N) *walhiska (adj. rejoicing (n.) hwoftuli (f. Jo) note, to (v.) gatarhjan (I weak i) mock, to bilaikan (I red) A) ? lest ibai sware A) straightway sunsaiw can, to magan (pret-pres) easier raiza (Comp.) Check out this site right here: When more translations are available, the most prevalent is given first. (Namo mein ist ) diligence (n.) usdaudei (f. N) Early Germanic Dialects: The Gothic language cardiologist (n.) 1. secretly (adv.) The last known person to speak the Gothic language was the 10th-century bishop Wulfila, who translated the Bible into Gothic. stinking fuls (adj. mechanics *maikanika (n. A plural) U) here her realize, to(v.) andagkjan sik (acc.) tender laqus (adj. I) A) Glosbe is a home for thousands of dictionaries. bury, to ganawistron (II weak) (perf.) grow, to liudan (II abl) ~ older = usalan (III red) prophet praufetes (m. U/I) singer liuareis (m. Ja) remembrance gamaudeins (f. I/O) boar *bais (m. A) lord frauja (m. N) Translations to Gothic - Lyrics Translate daughter-in-law *snuza (f. O) signature *ufmeleins (f. I/O) forest *widus (m. U) *Jidiska (f. O) (reconstructed by David Salo) transfiguration *inmaideins (f. I/O) recommendation anafilh (n. A) A) microbiology *leitilalibainileisei (f. N) cardiology (n.) *hairtaleisei (f. N) This assumes that the normal compounding pattern is followed, to wit, the initial element = root+stem vowel, which in this case would be frija-. About the Runic Alphabet. A) Gothic (adj.) (972) 954-7518. oldgermanscripttranslations.com. baller) < *balluz armour (n.) sarwa (n. Wa) traffic *fara (f. O) *austrs (m. A) 2. parliament (n.) gafaurds (f. I) (attested for supreme assembly) Iron-horse) *sarwa (m. N) persuasion (n.) gakunds (f. I) The relationship between the language of the Crimean Goths and Ulfilas' Gothic is less clear. I) thank, to awiliudon (II) + dat. correction garaihteins (f. I/O) concord (n.) samaqiss (f. I) peaceable gawaireigs (adj. publican motareis (m. Ja) The bulk of Gothic verbs follow the type of Indo-European conjugation called 'thematic' because they insert a vowel derived from the reconstructed proto-Indo-European phonemes *e or *o between roots and inflexional suffixes. increase, to biaukan (VII) Old Norse: heims-kringla) 2. adversary (n.) 1. andastaua (m. N) (in court) 2. andastajis (m. Ja) hunny mili (n. A) carry, to bairan (IV), ~ away = migatiuhan (II abl) stallion *hahists / *hangists (m. N) adjurer (n.) *biswarands (m. Nd)/*biswarandi (f. Jo) comb *kambs (m. A) cross 1. My dog bites his bone. n. A = -, -is, -a, -, -, -a, -e, -am, -a, -a worshipper 1. pluck, to raupjan (I weak i), ~ it out! (m.) ize 2. Swria (f. O) infirmity unmahts (f. I) Finally, there are forms called 'preterite-present': the old Indo-European perfect was reinterpreted as present tense. multimedia 1. *meidja (n. Ja plural) (based on English) Finnish *Finnisks (adj. Only fragments of the Gothic translation of the Bible have been preserved. higher 1. hauhis 2. auhuma (comp. bewail, to (v.) flokan (V red) This style is now mostly used for decorative purposes, for example, to evoke an old word classical feel. angel (n.) aggilus (m. U/I) www.ipachart.com. independance freihals (m. A) Bethlehem Belaihaim (nom. *lauha (m. N) 2. desert 1. auida (f. O) 2. aueis (adj. conversion gawandeins (f. I/O) Alternatively one can use Aipiskaupaus aikklesjo (Bishops church, which is precisely what a cathedral is) finger figgrs (m. A) In fact, it is one of the major sources of our knowledge of the Gothic language and it was written primarily by Wulfilaor at least it is attributed to him. God 1. peace gawairi (n. Ja) safely arniba adult (n.) uswahsans (pret-pres) long laggs (adj. water wato (n. N), pl. Online Gothic teaching is one of the most popular and practical freelance jobs. globe (n.) 1. This is a free statistical multilingual machine-translation service. only) Cons.) *kunjahaidus (m. U) (lit. *gabls (m. A) Iapan (m. A) glad to be ~ = faginon (II weak) perhaps (adv.) Gothic was a popular typeface style in the middle ages from 1200-1500. renounce, to (v.) afqian (V strong) think, to 1. miton (II weak) 2. hugjan (I) (to suppose) *bokateweis (adj. riches 1. gabei (f. N) 2. faihu (n. U) emperor (n.) kaisar (m. A) corrupt, to riurjan (I weak i) Stand With Ukraine! Ja) (reconstructed by Peter Alexander Kerkhof) ), so (f. righteousness garaihteins (f. I/O) communist 1. complain, to (v.) hiufan (abl. ? A) ale (n.) *alu (n. U) turtledove hraiwadubo (f. N) Goths Gutiuda (f. O) among the ~ ana Gutiudai comfort garafstei (f. I/O) singleness ainfalei (f. N) forum (n.) *mal (n. A) (online too) youth junda (f. O) (someones youth) The word order of Gothic is fairly free as is typical of other inflected languages. Translate Latin to English online | Translate.com Good afternoon greater maiza (Comp.) This gentleman will pay for everything = vocative nourish up, to alan (VI abl) gudhus and not **gudahus, amongst others). Gothic architecture, Gothic fiction and Goth music evolved from references to the Goths. hang, to hahan (III red), ~ oneself = ushahan sik (III red) United States *Amairika (f. O) *naurra- (adj. ), ija (n. / f. assumption (n.) anaminds (f. I) Translation of Gothic in English - Babylon-software 2:13 = jah militidedun imma ai anarai Iudaieis) idea mitons (f. I) wisan hypocrite 1. liuts (adj. feebleminded grindafrajis (adj. 2. baidjan (I weak i) + acc. obedience ufhauseins (f. I/O) hello 1. hails + voc (to a man), haila + voc (to a woman) 2. *ahaleisa (f. O) (declined like an adjective) Gu (m. A) (Abrahamic God) 2. This unicode text tool generates Fraktur style black letter text . seize, to (v.) grepan (I) forsake, to (v.) bileian (I) Ja) (reconstructed by B. P. Johnson) Gothic was a popular typeface style in the middle ages from 1200-1500. (Habai mik faurqianana) >m poison *aitr (n. A) the Latinized Gothic names sycamine tree bairabagms (m. A) abolished, to be gataurnan (IV weak) M. lamb 1. lamb (n. A) 2. wirus (m. U) (only one occurence) 3. A standardized system is used for transliterating Gothic words into the Latin script. dance laiks (m. A) circumcision bimaita (f. O) ashamed (adj.) keep, to bairgan (III abl) + dat (as in to keep something) A) nightshirt *nahtapaida (f. O) illumination *galiuhteins (f. I/O) ), ata (n. Nom. approach, to (v.) anaqiman (IV) reject, to 1. uskiusan (II abl) 2. andspeiwan (I abl) Search translation glossaries & dictionaries | ProZ.com see: this A) n-stem) GOTHIC => ENGLISH: ENGLISH => GOTHIC: Whole word Random entry from this dictionary: sunjis, adj. hand handus (f. U) shore (n.) *stranda (f. O) advice, to (v.) garaginon (II weak) + dat or fem.) psychiatrist 1. obey (v.) ufhausjan (I weak) (+ dat.) *ansus (m. U) (used for Germanic Gods) Song *. stairs *usstaiga (f. O) (W.E.) A) 2. painting *faiheins (f. I/O) heel fairzna (f. O) *razdaleis (m. A) 2. oil (n.) alew (n. A) presbytery praizbwtairei (f. N) egg *addi (n. Ja) literature *bokaleisei (f. N) Weak) gentleness 1. selei (fu. wall baurgswaddjus (f. U) (literally: city-wall, for another kind of wall use waddjus (f. U) seperately) bishop aipiskaupus (m. U), office of a ~ = aipiskaupei herd hairda (f. O) (Morning greeting) (Godana maurgin) frighten, to usagjan (I weak j) command, to anabiudan (II abl) dream, to *draumjan (heavy i weak), I dreamed = mik draumida It is known primarily from the Codex Argenteus, a 6th-century copy of a 4th-century Bible translation, and is the only East Germanic language with a sizeable text corpus. hauhaba slave 1. skalks (m. A) 2. eclipse solar ~ = sunnins riqis (n. A), lunar ~ = menins riqis (n. A) soap *saipjo (f. N) (W. E.) neighbour 1. nehvundja (m. N) 2. garazno (f. N) (female neighbour) , garazna (m. N) (male neighbour, in plural both genders) Assuming those fragments are genuine, it appears to be a different language from the one used in the Gothic Bible (but is still certainly Germanic). receive, to 1. niman (IV abl), 2. miniman (iV abl) + dat) The Goths who migrated to Spain and Italy mostly used this translation. smite, to (v.) stautan (red II) global warming (n.) heito (f. N) midjungardis Ash-birch, the first two letters of theGothic alphabet, but bokatewa should be used for other alphabets) A) +mannaleis (adj. face 1. ludja (f. Jo) 2. wlits (noun) bewitch, to (v.) afhugjan (I weak) dangerous sleis (adj. imprisonment karkara (f. O) weep, to gretan (abl red) (he/she wept = gaigrot) peaceful gawaireigs (adj. Go back to the old term search. insomuch swaei exclusion *uslet (n. A) Gothic language, extinct East Germanic language spoken by the Goths, . diminishing wanains (f. I) *hundjo (f. N) 3. crumbs drauhnos (f. O plur) Dutch 1. error 1. airzei (f. N) 2. airzia (f. O) Copenhagen *Kaupahabana (f. O) It should be noted that -mann-compounds appear to be a later development in Germanic: the usual early denominative agent-suffix was -jan- and deverbative -an-; cf. multilingual (adj.) vegetarian (n.) 1. A) A) archangel (n.) arkaggilus (m. U/I) part dails (f. I) space rum (n. A), to have ~ = gamotan (pret-pres) (The related verbs heien in modern German and heten in Dutch are both derived from the active voice of this verb but have the passive meaning "to be called" alongside the dated active meaning "to command".). The dichotomy is still present in modern Germanic languages: Verbal conjugation in Gothic have two grammatical voices: the active and the medial; three numbers: singular, dual (except in the third person) and plural; two tenses: present and preterite (derived from a former perfect); three grammatical moods: indicative, subjunctive (from an old optative form) and imperative as well as three kinds of nominal forms: a present infinitive, a present participle, and a past passive. on-stem). *Slaubakisks (adj. A) seed (n.) fraiw (n. A) We also need to hear what the phrase or sentence sounds like. dream 1. enriched, to be gabignan (IV weak) Gen.), izos (f. Gen.), amma (m./n. hwo 2. cleansing gahraineins (f. I/O) Esperantist *Aispairantistus (m. U) heir 1. arbja (m. N) 2. arbinumja (m. N) A) Gothic Translation Services - English to Gothic Translations butterfly 1. honestly garedaba Gothic Language Translator LingoJam now nu a-stem), electronics = *elaiktraunika (neut. Ja) 2. praizbwtairei (f. N) (from jewish religion) brotherly love (n.) brorulubo (f. N) kinsman (n.) 1. nijis 2. number rajo (f. N) coin skatts (m. A) The table above includes the following constructed languages: Anglish; a language based on modern English but with all non-Germanic loan words removed, Esperanto; devised as . pour, to giutan (II abl) *hairtaleisa (f. O) (declined as adjective) dragma drakma (m. N) *faa (f. O) / *fao (f. N) (fathers sister) 2. Gothic Text Generator - Made In Text despise, to frakunnan (pret-pres) + dat. What's your name? deaf to become ~ = afdaubnan (IV weak) (Of two) raa) 2. praise, to hazjan (I weak j) liubostons goleinins theology *gudleisei (f. N) Whether your Gothic translation need is small or large, Translation Services USA is always there to assist you with your translation needs. Celtic *Kailtisks (adj. observe, to (v.) witan (III) + dative against (adv.) *kneifs (m. A) 2. translate, to gaskeirjan (I) *raihs (m. A) telegraph (neol) fairramelja (m. N) soldier gadrauhts (m. I) unmarried 1. unqenis (part. Jah jus?) N. penny 1. assarjus (m. U) 2. kintus (m. U) crane *krana (m. N) Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. terrify, to (v.) ogjan (I weak i) [21] A number of other posited similarities exist (for example, the existence of numerous inchoative verbs ending in -na, such as Gothic ga-waknan, Old Norse vakna; and the absence of gemination before j, or (in the case of old Norse) only g geminated before j, e.g. *fuglafraiw (n. A) day dags (m. A), daily = daga hwammeh, ~ by ~ = daga jah daga, every ~ = dags hindar daga (as a continuation of days in which something happens), the eighth ~ = ahtaudogs (adj. troll *trallu (n. U) (Reconstructed by Grimm) shine, to glitmunjan (I i weak), ~ round = biskeinan (I abl) fork (n.) 1. >1p But we also go back to Old English (before 1066) and even to so-called primitive Germanic, as represented by a translation of the Lord's Prayer from the original Greek into fourth century Gothic. participant gamainja (m. N) bushel mela (m. N) ragnarkr *ragine riqis (n. A) I/Ja) determine, to (v.) raidjan (I weak i) rightly dividing the word of truth = raihtaba raidjandan waurd sunjos Not all tenses and persons are represented in all moods and voices, as some conjugations use auxiliary forms. jealous, to be aljinon (II weak) why 1. Official languagein: 67 countries 27 non-sovereign entities Various organisations United Nations European Union Commonwealth of Nations Council of Europe ICC IMF IOC ISO NATO WTO NAFTA OAS OECD OIC OPEC GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development PIF UKUSA Agreement ASEAN ASEAN Economic Community SAARC CARICOM Turkic Council ECO. find, to bigitan (V abl) rye *rugs (m. I) glory wulus (m. U) Please leave it blank if you're not sure who sings the song. hound (n.) hunds (m. A) The language menu is accessible via a button in the options/settings menu below general. fierce (adj.) +mannaleisa (f. O) (declined like an adjective) Nouns and adjectives were inflected according to one of two grammatical numbers: the singular and the plural. criminological *missadedileis (adj. reduplication in the past tense of Class VII strong verbs, clitic conjunctions that appear in second position of a sentence in accordance with. The Goths - World History Encyclopedia Please say that again ? Quak) immediately suns Dat. *gles (n. A) wave wegs (m. A) (f.) dwalo (f. N) I) (as in clearly understanding) samaleiks (adj. valley dals (m. Noun) open, to uslukan (II abl), (he/she opened = uslauk) A) male 1. gumein (n. A) 2. gumakunds (adj. grandfather *awa (m. N) burnt-offering (n.) ala-brunsts (f. I) . A) 2. liuta (m. N) wrath (n.) 1. wairhei (f. N) 2. mos (m. A) 3. hatis (n. A) However, this pattern was clearly weakening in Gothic, and one finds compounds without the expected stem-vowel (e.g. save, to nasjan (I j weak) mourning gaunous (m. U) fig tree smakkabagms (m. A) A) (int) hwa 2. A) regard, to aistan (unspecified verb) smear, to gasmeitan (I) from the imperative form nim "take". n-stem), seemingly wagon-hedge, in his description of the westward migration of Goths in the face of Hunnic invasion, wherein Fritigerns Tervingi employed a fortified circle of wagons to protect themselves against surprise attacks and long-range missiles, hence the hedge. offline (adj.) indic. The word appears to be a compound of a stem *karra- wagon, cart and hago haw. *kneiba (m. N) 3. hither hidre pyramid *pwramis world 1. fairhwus (m. U) 2. midjungards (m. I) (the world where people live) incinerate, to *frabrannjan injustice ungaraihtei (f. N) change, to 1. inmaidjan (I i weak) 2. fellowship gamainei (f. N) sacred weihs (adj. Many thanks to Ulfovaldo for providing the Spanish translation. filthiness bisauleins (f. I/O) thrash maihstus (m. U) *Heispaniska (adj. reproach idweit (n. A) politics *paulitika (f. O) (W. E.) fiery funisks (adj. (Evening greeting) (Godata andanahti) circumcise, to bimaitan (I red) football *fotuballa (m. N) You can work whenever and wherever you want. prize sigislaun (n. A) A) abuse, to (v.) anamahtjan (I) daughter dauhtar (f. R) A) binary 1. Catholicism *allagalaubeins (f. I/O) While found only in the southern area of West Germanic, Proto-Germanic *ankwan butter was an inherited IE word, cf.the cognates Latin unguen fat grease, Old Irish imb butter, and so it is not impossible that Gothic, which is often more conservative than the other early Germanic languages, may have preserved this word. casualness (n.) latei (f. N) A strong); by all ~ = in allaim stadim Some writers even referred to Slavic-speaking people as Goths. observation (n.) atwitains (f. I) bar (n.) ans (m. A) jug aurkeis (m. Ja) Gothic is an extinct East Germanic language that was spoken by the Goths. coward (n.) *arga (m. adj. fly (n.) *fliugo (f. N) left (adj.) A) sword 1. hairus (m. U) spearow sparwa (m. N) The Gothic language is a Germanic language known to us by a translation of the Bible known as Codex Argenteus ("The Silver Bible") dating from the 4th century AD, of which some books survive. shewing ustaikneins (f. I/O) glorify, to 1. hauhjan (I weak i) 2. gasweran (III weak) stewardship fauragaggi (n. Ja) A) A) instruction talzeins (f. I/O) atei, (f. translated the Bible into the Gothic language in a script based chiefly upon the uncial Greek alphabet . *barnalubja (m. N) (male) 2. shining *blaiks (adj.) charitably (adv.) measure 1. mitas (f. nom. Mso-Gothic Glossary & List of Anglo-Saxon and Old and Modern English words etymologically connected with Mso-Gothic, by Walter William Skeat (1868), Gotisch-Griechisch-Deutsches Wrterbuch: Gothic-Greek-German dictionary by Wilhelm Streitberg (1910), Deutsch-Gotisches Wrterbuch: German-Gothic dictionary by Oskar Priese (1890), Gothisches Wrterbuch nebst Flexionslehre: Gothic glossary by Ernst Schulze (1867), Glossarium der gothischen Sprache: Glossary of the Gothic language, by Hans Conon von der Gabelentz & Julius Loebe (1843), Comparative glossary of the Gothic language by Gerhard Hubert Balg (1887), Vergleichendes Wrterbuch der gothischen Sprache: Comparative dictionary of the Gothic language, by Lorenz Diefenbach (1851), Kurzgefasstes etymologisches Wrterbuch der gotischen Sprache: etymological dictionary of the Gothic language, by Christianus Cornelius Uhlenbeck (1900), Grundriss der gotischen Etymologie: Gothic etymology, by Sigmund Feist (1888), Gothic dictionary with etymologies, by Andrs Rajki (2004), Hypothse autour de l'tymologie du gotique galaubjan, croire (to believe) by Andr Rousseau, in Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire (2004), Quelques aspects de la socit des anciens Germains d'aprs le tmoignage du vocabulaire gotique, in Comptes rendus des sances de l'Acadmie des inscriptions et belles-lettres (2012), Gothic Keyboard to type a text with the Gothic characters, Latin Gothic Keyboard for Gothic transliteration, University of Texas: Gothic online (grammar), Gotische Grammatik by Roland Schuhmann: I & II NEW, studies about the Gothic language, by Magns Sndal NEW, Gothic contact with Latin, Gotica Parisina and Wulfila's alphabet, in Early Germanic languages in contact (2015), Gothic contact with Greek: loan translations and a translation problem, in Early Germanic languages in contact (2015), Le gotique: profil historique, culturel et linguistique, by Carla Falluomini, in Revue germanique internationale (2021) NEW, Nouveau regard sur les modalits du gotique by Andr Rousseau, in Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire (2003), Le cours de grammaire gotique de Saussure Paris (1880-1891), in Comptes rendus des sances de l'Acadmie des inscriptions et belles-lettres (2009), Grammar of the Gothic language & Gospel of St. Mark, with notes and glossary, by Joseph Wright (1910) + other version, Gothic grammar by Wilhelm Braune & Gerhard Hubert Balg (1895), Gotische Grammatik: Gothic grammar by Wilhelm Braune (1895), Gotisches Elementarbuch: Gothic grammar by Wilhelm Streitberg(1920), An introduction, phonological, morphological, syntactic to the Gothic of Ulfilas by Thomas Le Marchant Douse (1886), Project Wulfila: library dedicated to the study of the Gothic language and Old Germanic languages, Wulfila Bible in Gothic, Greek & English, Uppsala University Library: Codex Argenteus (manuscript), Codex Argenteus and its printed editions, by Lars Munkhammar (2010), The Gothic text of Codex Gissensis by Magns Sndal, in Gotica minora: scripta nova & vetera (2003) NEW, La version gotique des vangiles: essai de rvaluation, by Robert Gryson, in Revue thologique de Louvain (1990), Messages et messagers bibliques dans la traduction gotique de Wulfila: annoncer, couter, comprendre, by Franoise Daviet-Taylor, in Rcits d'ambassades et figures du messager (2007) NEW, Die gotische Bibel: The Gothic Bible, bilingual text Gothic-Greek, by Wilhelm Streitberg (1908), Gotisch-Griechisch-Deutsches Wrterbuch: Gothic-Greek-German dictionary + other version, Vulfila, oder die gotische Bibel: The Gothic Bible, bilingual text Gothic-Greek, by Ernst Bernhard (1875), Ulfilas, Die Heiligen Schriften alten und neuen Bundes in gothischer Sprache: Gothic-Greek-Latin text, by Hans Ferdinand Massmann (1857), Ulfilas, Veteris et Novi Testamenti, Versionis Gothic: Gothic-Latin text, by Hans Conon von der Gabelentz & Julius Loebe (1843), Codex Argenteus, sive Sacrorum Evangeliorum versionis gothic fragmenta, by Andreas Uppstrm (1854), The Gothic and Anglo-Saxon Gospels in parallel columns with the versions of Wycliffe and Tyndale, by Joseph Bosworth (1888), The first Germanic Bible translated from the Greek and the other remains of the Gothic language, with glossary, by Gerhard Hubert Balg (1891), The Gospel of Saint Mark in Gothic, with grammar & glossary, by Walter Skeat (1882), Sacrorum Evangeliorum versio Gothica ex Codice Argento: Gothic-Latin text, by Erik Benzelius & Edward Lye (1750), Lord's Prayer in Gothic with transliteration & translation into English, books about the Gothic language: Google books & Internet archive, List of Anglo-Saxon and Old and Modern English words etymologically connected with Mso-Gothic, d'aprs le tmoignage du vocabulaire gotique, loan translations and a translation problem, profil historique, culturel et linguistique, Die Heiligen Schriften alten und neuen Bundes in gothischer Sprache, Veteris et Novi Testamenti, Versionis Gothic, sive Sacrorum Evangeliorum versionis gothic fragmenta, in parallel columns with the versions of Wycliffe and Tyndale, translated from the Greek and the other remains of the Gothic language, frijos nehvundjan einana swe uk silban, Comparative glossary of the Gothic language, Vergleichendes Wrterbuch der gothischen Sprache, Kurzgefasstes etymologisches Wrterbuch der gotischen Sprache, Hypothse autour de l'tymologie du gotique, Quelques aspects de la socit des anciens Germains, Nouveau regard sur les modalits du gotique, An introduction, phonological, morphological, syntactic to the Gothic of Ulfilas, Messages et messagers bibliques dans la traduction gotique de Wulfila, Sacrorum Evangeliorum versio Gothica ex Codice Argento. However, only a single source provides any details of the language itself: a letter . The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. secret (n.) 1. runa (f. O) 2. analaugns (adj. Freyr fraujis (m. Ja) *justs (m. A) 2. A) razda (f. O) 3. murmuring birodeins (f. I/O) forget, to ufarmunnon (II weak) Nibelungen *hnibiluggos (m. A) (plural) absolve, to (v.) letan (VII strong) 2nd edition, 1981 reprint by Oxford University Press, This page was last edited on 4 March 2023, at 09:29. U) Wolof. mud *abja (f. N) shoes gaskohi (n. Ja) Communicate smoothly and use a free online translator to translate text, words, phrases, or documents between 90+ language pairs. muzzle, to faurmuljan (I i weak) + acc tribe-manner) 2. crystal *eisastains (m. A) (Waila mag, awiliudo igqis. ), to ~ for = karon (II weak) 2. saurga (f. O) *waurdasandja (f. O) (e-mail service) (lit. earthquake reiro (f. N) Extensive knowledge of transcription and translation of documents, letters and texts in the old German Script (Kurrent, Suetterlin) and Fraktur.